Hello. I’m considering hosting a 1-person instance for my personal use. I’m trying to run on my own hardware, and I have used *nix for quite a long time and maintaining it wouldn’t be much of a problem. However, I’m not quite sure what kind of hardware should I run it on.
How powerful should my hardware be? Say, would it be OK on a old PC with Northwood Celeron and 512mb of ram with 384GB HDD? Or maybe an android phone running postmarketOS (Alpine Linux) with MSM8916 and 2GB of ram with 32GB eMMC?
Also, my ISP does not allow opening common server hosting ports, and I’d also prefer not doing so due to security problems. Which ports do I need opened to operate a lemmy instance for my personal use (i’m only going to be connecting from home)? Can I use CloudFlare’s cloudflared/Argo Tunnel to do this? (I do know CloudFlare is not great and has problems but I’m not aware of any other similar service, I’m not really able to pay for external servers but if there’s an alternative service I’m open to suggestions)
Thanks for reading the post, and hopefully answering.
Is your intention to have local copies of content from popular servers and read it locally? Major communities like news., memes, etc?
Many people seem to think this is offloading the major servers like lemmy.world - but I think the opposite is true in my measures of how lemmy_server performs. There is a lot of overhead to each additional instance in Lemmy 0.18.3 backend. Lemmy code does a lot of work to keep each of these subscribing servers updated with every post, comment, vote, person - attempted in real-time.
I have multiple purposes - while I do trust the folks running instances and my current lemmy.world instance they may close service at any time and I wanted to ensure that I won’t have to move instances, and I’m also considering to run my own E-Mail in my personal domain later so I thought it would be nice to have lemmy and etc (my online presence) connected to my domain. Also yes, I was thinking I might help reduce server costs for others and stuff but that doesn’t seem to be the case…
I would not recommend running your own email server. Major email providers like gmail only accept email from servers that have all kinds of measures in place to make them as trustworthy as possible. That’s hard and probably not possible on a home internet connection.
Filtering incoming spam is also a pain in the ass.
It’s nice as an exercise to learn how email works, but I would not rely on it.
An anti social network. Nice.
Haha, that wasn’t really the purpose, I intend to federate and communicate
A single person instance, not federated, and isolated. I can post, comment and moderate. Nobody can downvote me, NOBODY! :-)
I do think OP intends to federate though.
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So the only ports required to open for proper lemmy operation are HTTP/HTTPS ones (80, 443)? Argo tunnel didn’t seem to support a whole lot of protocols (I couldn’t find a way to enable telnet for a BBS for instance) and I was wondering if theres additional port needed for ActivityPub.
All you need to do for your tunnel is install the cloudflare service and connector using the command they give you when you create the tunnel and then set a public hostname for the tunnel that points to https://localhost and you should be good to go. For your firewall the only rules I have are for Nginx HTTP and HTTPS so yeah 80 and 443. You might have to point it to http://localhost I’m honestly not sure what the requirement is when you’re using lemmy but cloudflare will take care of the encryption and send it over HTTPS either way as far as I know, I have tunnels which use both and they all come via https.
Edit: telnet uses TCP and you can use that in your public hostname section, idk how that relates to bbs though. I am very much a novice at this stuff, I’ve just spent a lot of time since the great culling of third party apps learning to host my own stuff. I’m using the tunnels through the zero trust section if there’s another.
Is that one of Cloudflare’s free products?
I’m not sure what parent commenter uses exactly but cloudflared / argo tunnel can be used for free though they don’t have some enterprise oriented functions. The daemon running on the server, cloudflared is also open source, available on Gihub.
Lemmy is actually quite light… My lemmy VM is currently using only 317MB of the 1GB I’ve allocated it, and about half of a 16GB disk.
Obviously I’m not subscribing to every possible group there… only a dozen or so… but I could go a lot bigger without it becoming a problem.
TBH I’d use the celeron and get a bigger RAM stick in there (cheap), and you’ll be fine for a 1 person instance.
How long have you been running it? My personal kbin instance filled its 100gb disk, with media, after only a few weeks.
Month or so… It isn’t growing much, seems to be quite aggressive in its pruning of old stuff.
Ah nice. Lemmy does better in that regard. I know kbin isn’t pruning anything yet.
What are you running on your vm? When I was using 1gb I did not have a great experience so I’m curious.
Being lemmy it’s all docker, but the base OS is debian.
How powerful should my hardware be?
I think 512mb ram is probably a bit too low. There is a risk for the pc to crash at some point. I think 1 GB+ should be fine.
Which ports do I need opened to operate a lemmy instance for my personal use (i’m only going to be connecting from home)?
To avoid opening ports you can use Cloudflare tunnel as you mentioned.
Only other option is probably renting a cheap vps. Here is a cheap vps options for 2.5$
I see. I think I’ll try finding a cheap second hand laptop and run it as a server. (Technically even includes a UPS lol)
The VPS also seems nice, I’ll look into it. Thanks!
Actually thinking about the same. Not too familiar with how Lemmy works generally (please don’t kick me for the question), but won’t there be problems with federating to/from other popular instances?
I’m also quite unfamiliar with lemmy architecture haha. Well unless the instance I’m trying to federate with defederates/bans my instance, I guess I’ll be ok but I don’t know… I’m currently searching for information :)
